Over the past decade, a number of different treatments have been studied with very limited success. Surgery is the main component of standard care.3 The extent of GBM resection depends on the location and eloquent regions of the affected brain area. Tumors occurring in sites such as the eloquent cortex, brainstem, or basal ganglia are not amenable to surgical intervention, and these patients typically have a worse prognosis. Surgical success is limited because of the invasive growth of GBM and the difficulty of resection with an adequate margin of safety.5 Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have limited efficacy because of early resistance and accumulation of side effects.
GBM remains incurable due to its heterogeneity and complex pathogenesis. Further research efforts in the future will help to improve treatment options in the fight against the disease.